Considerations for Financial Advisors
Perhaps the most obvious consideration is compensation. Though it varies by firm and location, wirehouse firms generally pay out 35% to 55% of fee income to their FAs, with the larger producers typically taking home a bigger cut of the business, according to industry consultant, Michael Kitces. Larger RIA firms, on the other hand, tend to pay their FAs 40% to 50% of fee income, 20% to 30% in non-compensatory overhead costs with the residual 20% to 30% in profits, depending again on size and location and dozens of other factors. This means that a solo practitioner could earn as much as 80% of his or her fees by starting their own firm, collecting all the fee income net of overhead expenses.
Based on this math alone, it's hard to comprehend why over 50,000 advisors and $7 trillion assets have remained at Bank of America Merrill Lynch, UBS, Morgan Stanley, and Wells Fargo alone, according to the InvestmentNews Advisers on the Move database. IN attributes this phenomenon to signing bonuses at the wirehouse firms, the security they offer, increasingly higher compensation packages for top producers, and appealing retirement deals for senior FAs looking to cash out. Or it may be that capturing that margin for oneself is easier said than done.
Kitces contends that "end advisors are often able to keep 10% to 20% more of their gross revenue after making the switch" even after considering all the perquisites that the bulge bracket firms are offering. So from a sheer economics perspective, it appears that going independent makes more sense, but there are still other factors to keep in mind. For one, you have to get client consent, which is not always a given, especially if the client identifies more with the bank than the broker, which is often the case with elderly investors. You'll also have to invest time and money in technology, personnel, and other overhead charges that were previously provided by the brokerage firms. In addition, you'll be suddenly responsible for practice management unless you pay someone else to do that for you, which can also be costly. Indeed, if you go, there could be trouble, as Mick Jones warned us.
Don't leave without first thinking about your employment agreements, non-compete agreements, non-solicitation agreements, etc. The only thing worse than starting a business with plenty of overhead and no clients is starting a business with plenty of overhead, a few clients, and a lawsuit from your former firm.
The obvious advantage of staying with a wirehouse is the plug-and-play platform that allows financial advisors to concentrate on client service and selling, rather than running a business. We hear plenty of grumbling about the big firms being run by lawyers instead of business development staff, spending so much time on defense that there's no time left for offense.
Compliance issues are rising in the independent RIA space as well, though, and when you're in charge of your RIA, you're also in charge of the compliance department. Oddly enough, at the same time brokers are weighing leaving big banks to go out on their own so they aren't constrained by back-office regulations, independent RIAs are consolidating to allow their top people to focus on clients instead of practice management.
Conclusion
There are plenty of tradeoffs to being independent. But staying could be even more problematic. The independent model allows you to better take advantage of the inherent operating leverage of the asset manager business. Rather than earning a fixed percentage of the fee income from client assets, an independent RIA owner/operator can achieve significant levels of profitability to augment fee income by growing AUM with more modest increases to overhead expenses. We've seen larger wealth management firms (client assets over $500 million) achieve EBITDA margins of 25% or greater when overhead costs remain relatively contained. Potential returns do appear to be commensurate with the risk involved in most of these situations – which is, after all, kind of the theme of investment management.
Mick Jones ultimately decided to go, and has enjoyed something of a post-Clash career (although you could be forgiven for not being able to name any songs by Big Audio Dynamite). If you're considering going independent, we just hope you keep this all in mind.
