In this whitepaper, we illustrate how buyers and sellers benefit from a quality of earnings report that extracts a company’s sustainable earning power from the thicket of historical GAAP earnings. We review the most common earnings adjustments applied in QofE analyses and review the role of working capital and capital expenditures as the links between EBITDA and cash flow available to buyers.
In times of succession, tensions can run high. Having a clear and effective buy-sell agreement is truly imperative to minimizing costly and emotional drama that may ensue in times of planned or unplanned transition.
There are three basic components of compensation for investment management firms: Base salary/Benefits, Variable Compensation/Bonus, and Equity Compensation. We discuss these and more in this whitepaper.
This whitepaper is intended to give a brief overview of relevant considerations of these perspectives on the value of wealth management firms. It is not intended to be an exhaustive presentation of every consideration, but as the industry has grown up, so has the understanding of most participants that simply saying firms are worth “2% of AUM” is not enough.
In this whitepaper, we describe the PPA process, including attributes unique to the investment management industry.
Succession planning has been an area of increasing focus in the RIA industry, particularly given what many are calling a looming succession crisis. The demographics suggest that increased attention to succession planning is well warranted: a full 62% of RIAs are still led by their founders, and only about a quarter of them have non-founding shareholders. Yet when RIA principals were asked to rank their firm’s top priorities in 2019, developing a succession plan was ranked last. Fortunately, there are many viable options for RIA principals looking to exit the business.
Earn-outs are as common to investment management firm transactions as they are misunderstood. This whitepaper is not offered as transaction advice or a legal primer on contingent consideration. The former is unique to individual needs in particular transactions, and the latter is beyond our expertise as financial advisors to the investment management industry. Instead, we offer this whitepaper to explore the basic economics of contingent consideration and the role it plays in negotiating RIA transactions.
In this whitepaper we review the history of trust companies and how consolidation in the banking industry, changing consumer preferences, and favorable trust law changes have led to the proliferation of independent trust companies. We analyze the average trust company’s income statement and industry-wide trends, such as trust companies’ relative immunity to fee pressure. We consider valuation “rules-of-thumb,” and why they often fail to address the issues specific to a given firm. Finally, we consider the various valuation methodologies, including the use of discounted cash flow models and guideline public company analysis, and how the use of multiple valuation approaches can serve to generate tests of reasonableness against which the different indications can be evaluated.
Understanding the value of an asset management firm requires some appreciation for what is simple and what is complex. On one level, a business with almost no balance sheet, a recurring revenue stream, and an expense base that mainly consists of personnel costs could not be more straightforward. At the same time, asset management firms exist in a narrow space between client allocations and the capital markets, and depend on revenue streams that rarely carry contractual obligations and valuable staff members who often are not subject to employment agreements. In essence, RIAs may be both highly profitable and prospectively ephemeral. Balancing the particular risks and opportunities of a given asset management firm is fundamental to developing a valuation.
